![]() It began operations in 1985 flying a 15-seat Embraer Bandeirante turboprop aircraft between Waterford and Gatwick Airport. The airline was shortly renamed "Ryanair". Ryanair was founded in 1984 as "Danren Enterprises" by Christopher Ryan, Liam Lonergan (owner of Irish travel agent Club Travel), and Irish businessman Tony Ryan, founder of Guinness Peat Aviation. Early years Ryanair Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante in 1988 Ryanair ATR 42-300 in 1991 ![]() Similarly, net profits have increased from €48 million to €339 million over the same period. Revenues have risen from €231 million in 1998 to €1.843 billion in 2003 and to €3.013 billion in 2010. The airline went public in 1997, and the money raised was used to expand the airline into a pan-European carrier. There have been over 19,000 people working for the company, most employed and contracted by agencies to fly on Ryanair aircraft. Since its establishment in 1984, Ryanair has grown from a small airline, flying the short journey from Waterford to London Gatwick, into Europe's largest carrier. The company has at times been criticised for its refusal to issue invoices for the VAT-exempt services it provides (airfares), poor working conditions, heavy use of extra charges, poor customer service, and tendency to intentionally generate controversy in order to gain publicity. Ryanair is Ireland's biggest airline and in 2016 became the world's largest airline by scheduled international passengers. The primary operational bases are at Dublin, London Stansted and Milan Bergamo airports. Its route network serves over 40 countries in Europe, North Africa (Morocco), and the Middle East ( Israel and Jordan). Ryanair has been characterised by its rapid expansion, a result of the deregulation of the aviation industry in Europe in 1997 and the success of its low-cost business model. Later in 2019 Malta Air joined Ryanair Holdings. In 2019 the transition began from the airline Ryanair and its subsidiaries into separate sister airlines under the holding company. Ryanair Holdings was established in 1996 as a holding company for Ryanair with the two companies having the same board of directors and executive officers. Ryanair DAC, the oldest airline of the group, was founded in 1984. The company includes the subsidiaries Ryanair DAC Tooltip Designated activity company, Malta Air, Buzz, Lauda Europe and Ryanair UK. IAG subsequently assumed control of Aer Lingus on 2 September 2015.Ryanair Holdings PLC is an Irish ultra low-cost carrier group headquartered in Swords, Dublin, Ireland. In August 2015, Aer Lingus' shareholders officially accepted IAG's takeover offer. Ryanair retained a 30% stake in Aer Lingus which it agreed to sell to IAG on 10 July 2015 for €2.55 per share. On, after months of negotiations on a possible IAG takeover, the Irish government agreed to sell its 25% stake in the company. The principal group companies include Aer Lingus Limited, Aer Lingus Beachey Limited, Aer Lingus (Ireland) Limited and Dirnan Insurance Company Limited, all of which are wholly owned. The state had previously held an 85% shareholding until the Government's decision to float the company on the Dublin and London stock exchanges on 2 October 2006. ![]() ![]() Ryanair owned over 29% of Aer Lingus stock and the Irish state owned over 25% before being bought out by IAG in 2015. ![]() Aer Lingus has a hybrid business model of low-cost and traditional carriers, operating a mixed fare service on its European routes and full service, two-class flights on transatlantic routes. The airline has codeshares with Oneworld, Star Alliance and SkyTeam members, as well as interline agreements with Etihad Airways, JetBlue Airways and United Airlines. After the takeover by IAG, it was expected that Aer Lingus would re-enter Oneworld, however, at a press briefing on 15 November 2017 the airline's then CEO Stephen Kavanagh stated that the airline has "no plans to join Oneworld". Formed in 1936, Aer Lingus is a former member of the Oneworld airline alliance, which it left on 31 March 2007. ![]()
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